A version of thie article appeared in the February 2012 issue of Test & Measurement World. See the PDF. Many industrial systems use the 4–20-mA loop to transmit measurements from sensors to displays, ...

The MCP120 is a microcontroller voltage supervisory circuit with open drain output. This voltage supervisory device is designed to hold a microcontroller in reset until the supply voltage has reached ...

Drawing and analysing flowchart diagrams involves elements like count, compare, macro, do macro, end, increments, decrements, and expressions. Microcontrollers (PICs) are used in control systems, ...

Voltage-to-current converters that feed grounded loads are common in industrial measurement and control applications. The conventional "textbook" circuit uses both positive and negative supply rails.

When taking measurements from analog sensors located at long distances, voltage drops and noise can affect precision of the readings. Therefore, a voltage-to-current (V/I) module is needed to transmit ...

A microprocessor is an integrated circuit that contains no memory. A microcontroller has the ability to store information. The size of a circuit can be significantly reduced. This is because ...

Arduino is a microcontroller designed for real-time hardware control with very low power use. Raspberry Pi is a full computer that runs operating systems and handles complex tasks. Arduino excels at ...