The top circuit, in the diagram above, is a half-wave rectifier and you can see the circuit’s effects on a sinusoidal signal. What is the bottom circuit and how would it effect a sinusoidal input?

This circuit was designed to meet a medical application’s requirement to drive a laser diode with reasonable precision and a minimum of components and footprint (the device is now in clinical trials).

Combining the operation of a boost regulator and a negative voltage converter can generate a negative supply from a single low voltage supply. The circuit in Figure 5 shows a standard application ...